Journal of Gynecology and Reproductive Health

Prevalence, Knowledge and Prevention of Malaria among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care at a Teaching Hospital in Southern Nigeria

Abstract

O. R. Omole, E. O. Ezirim, I. O. Abali, E. M. Akwuruoha, C. O. Onyemereze, Onyinye I. N. Onyekachi, D. O. Anele, and A. I. Airaodion

Background: Malaria poses significant risks to pregnant women and their unborn babies, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Understanding the prevalence, knowledge, and prevention strategies among this demographic is crucial for effective management and control.
Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of malaria among pregnant women attending antenatal care, assess their knowledge regarding malaria transmission, symptoms, and preventive measures, and evaluate the accessibility and effectiveness of malaria prevention services.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a Tertiary Health Facility in Southern Nigeria. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on sociodemographic information, knowledge of malaria, prevalence of malaria, access to prevention services, and experiences with malaria during pregnancy. Blood samples were collected and
analyzed for malaria parasites. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0, employing descriptive statistics and group comparisons.
Results: Among the 405 pregnant women surveyed, 37.28% were diagnosed with malaria during pregnancy. Most participants demonstrated good knowledge of malaria transmission and symptoms, with 89.14% believing malaria can be prevented. However, challenges in accessing prevention services were reported by 69.88% of respondents, primarily due to financial constraints and lack of awareness. Factors influencing malaria prevalence included gestational age, educational level, and access to preventive measures.
Conclusion: Despite high levels of awareness, malaria remains prevalent among pregnant women in Southern Nigeria. Efforts to improve access to prevention services, including education and distribution of insecticide-treated bed nets and intermittent preventive treatment, are essential for reducing the burden of malaria in this vulnerable population

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