Journal of Clinical Immunology Research
- ISSN: 2576-0572
Hussein Alaa Edan, Dawood Salman Mahdi and Ihsan Edan Alsaimary
IInfertility remains a global health challenge with devastating psycho-social consequences in many communities, and the underlying long-term risk of couple separation is also a major clinical and social problem. Infertility is defined as the inability of a couple to conceive naturally after one year of intercourse.
The aim of the study was to determine the immune molecular characterization of TLR genes. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are an important family of receptors that constitute the first line of defense against pathogens. They can recognize both invading pathogens and endogenous danger molecules released from dying cells and damaged tissues and play a key role in linking innate and adaptive immunity. TLRs are widely distributed in both immune and other body cells. A cross sectional case control study was carried out by ELISA technique, conventional PCR, and DNA sequencing among male infertility patients who attended to the Infertility and In Vitro Fertilization Center of Basrah Province on September 2021 to June 2022. The results from the sequencing of TLR2, TLR4 and TLR9 were shown as follows: TLR2 in the current study, the forward primer when compared with the sequence of NCBI by the basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) showed 96% identity with an expected value of 2e-46 and there were five mutations: -Gab (-) >G, gab (-) >G, G>C, T>C, T>C in various locations, resulting in a new amino acid or protein. The other hand, the TLR2 reverse primer showed three mutations: - G>Gab (-), C>T, T>C in different locations with identity 98% and 2e-44 expect value. The forward primer of TLR4 when compared with the sequence of NCBI showed three mutations: - G>T, C> Gab (-), Gab (-) >an in different locations with 97% identity and 6e-44 expect value. On the other hand, the reverse primer showed four mutations: - Gab (-) >G, G>A, G>A, A>T with 97% identities and a 5e-44 expect value. TLR9, the forward primer, when compared with the sequence of NCBI, showed six mutations: - C> Gab (-), Gab (-)> A, Gab (-)> A, C> G, Gab (-) > T, C> AA in different locations with 95% identity and 6e-50expect value. On the other hand, the reverse primer showed a single mutation: - A> Gab (-) in different locations with 99% identity and a 6e-50 expect value.